Understanding, Treating, and Preventing
Faced by millions in the US alone, type 2 diabetes can often be a worrisome diagnosis with very real implications and lifestyle consequences. Here, we delve into the details of this prevalent condition, explore its causes, and uncover research-backed strategies for effective management and prevention.
Understanding Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitusis characterized by the body’s resistance to insulin. Normally, the body maintains blood sugar levels within a specific range with hormones such as insulin, which causes blood sugar levels to lower, and glucagon, which causes blood sugar levels to rise.
However, in type 2 diabetes, the cell receptors, responsible for recognizing insulin and reducing blood sugar through uptake, become less sensitive to insulin. This results in elevated blood sugar levels, which can lead to increased risk for complications, such as:
- Damage to blood vessels and nerves
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Kidney disease
- Vision impairment
- Reduced immune response
Type 2 diabetes should not be confused with type 1 diabetes. Although the conditions are similar, there are several key differences:
- Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which insulin-producing cells are destroyed by the immune system. Insulin is not produced.
- Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, insulin receptors no longer function. This is usually caused by lifestyle and environmental factors such as diet, smoking,
- Type 1 diabetes usually develops in childhood/adolescence
- Type 2 diabetes usually develops in adulthood
